Barbara Kopple: The opening shot of Harlan County is going into the coal mines. There are no longer any unionized mines in Kentucky, but Harlans miners are currently continuing the regions legacy of labor struggles against wealthy and powerful coal corporations: they are blocking the coal trains from leaving a mine that laid them off. Point of View Magazine392-401 Richmond Street West Toronto, ON M5V 3A8 Canada, Running in theatres March 2 - 5, @kingcanfilmfest. The Global NonviolentAction Database is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationallicense unless otherwise noted. What happened to Bill Bruner Harlan County? It was directed and produced by filmmaker Barbara Kopple . The Brookside strike is vividly recounted in Barbara Kopples masterpiece, the documentary Harlan County, USA. Bruner joined LLNL in 2009, after retiring as a colonel from the United States Air . On 24 August 1974 a mine supervisor named Billy C. Bruner shot and killed a 23-year-old striker, Lawrence D. Jones. I just wanted to make sure that we didnt miss anything, that we didnt leave any stone unturned. You couldnt stand up in the coal mines. and charged with the killing.Mr. As Basil Collins got out of his truck, you could hear the guns clicking, the safeties being taken off. This is a digitized version of an article from The Timess print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. Hennen writes that " [b]y late 1931, four thousand Harlan County miners, more than one in three, were out of work. In the southern Appalachian fields stretching from West Virginia to Alabama, there was no union at all. [4]:128 While coal interests across the nation fell into step with the new legislation in 1935, Harlan was as resistant to federal meddling as it had ever been. A UMWA organizer who welcomed us displayed a revolver on the dashboard of his car. Updated November 23, 2021 12:21 PM. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. I probably still am. She was the daughter of a Kentucky coal miner and married to Sam Reece, an organizer for the radical National Miners Union, then embroiled in the bloody 1931 Harlan County War. Probate records are held by the Harlan County, Kentucky Genealogy Clerk of Court and are housed at the Harlan County, Kentucky Genealogy Courthouse. People who live in Harlan County generally consider the north part of the county to be the safest. Martin County The wives, mothers, sisters, and daughters of the striking miners createdthe Brookside Women's Club (BWC)on 27 September 1973. 1 Award (404) 851-8000 . If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. She also sang it in the 70s in Harlan County. In response to the violence, the Kentucky National Guard was called in. This is based on the events in Harlan County, Ky. during the early 1970's strike. Mr. Bruner was shot by someone in the crowd when he tried to leave. A striking coal miner was in critical condition last night in Harlan County, Ky., after being struck in the head by a shotgun blast. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Mr. Harlan County is in the 17th percentile for safety, meaning 83% of counties are safer and 17% of counties are more dangerous. The local community rallied behind them. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Mr. Bruner was wounded . The hardest thing was getting funding to keep going. She talks about elections in Harlan County and how they are intrinsically connected to the coal industry. There, miners and union organizers fought the coal bosses for nearly a decade for the right to have a union in a county where all but three incorporated towns were owned by the coal companies. From the heights, we immediately crash to the lowest point when 23-year-old Lawrence Jones is murdered by the company gun thugs, leaving a 16-year-old wife and infant child. Acknowledgements; Introduction; User Notes 1. I guess also because I was doing sound. It was perhaps the greatest union rebound ever. Harlan is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Harlan County, Kentucky, United States. Todd Melby: What was the scariest moment for you? I was told if I was ever alone at night that they would kill me, so I promised the head gun thug, Basil Collins, he wouldnt catch me alone at night. Anyone can read what you share. For the episode of Justified, see, Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, Murder of workers in labor disputes in the United States, List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States, "Hall of Fame: Power of Arts & Creative Expression -", "TROOPS WATCH AS HARLAN VOTES: Turbulent County Ballots Heavily", "TROOPS AGAIN MOVE ON HARLAN COUNTY: Occupation of Kentucky Area", "Prepare to Meet Thy God: War in the Harlan County Coal Fields", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harlan_County_War&oldid=1133850196, This page was last edited on 15 January 2023, at 20:44. Maybe you can tell us how you started Harlan County. Bill Bruner is one of many veterans who has transitioned from a military career to one at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Maybe shot all to hell. What happened to Bill Bruner . Cal Winslow is the author of Radical Seattle: The General Strike of 1919, along with Labors Civil War in California. Mr. Miller attended a rally last Thursday after a parade in Harlan. Both sides filed complaints with the National Labor Review Board (NLRB) accusing the other side of bargaining in bad faith. I said, Why didnt you tell me? They said, Because we didnt want you to leave. I said, I wouldnt have left!. Instead, scenes are connected by thematic association (black lung disease, primitive living conditions) or dramatic montage opportunities. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal industry skirmishes, executions, bombings and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s.The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side and coal firms and law enforcement officials on the other. Married Diana Jones on They were married Nov. 5, 1973. 13Month Strike is Ended By Kentucky Mine Accord, https://www.nytimes.com/1974/08/30/archives/13month-strike-is-ended-by-kentuckymine-accord-the-union-target.html. Billy Carroll Bruner, 39, a foreman at the Eastover mine, was wounded in the . I think with Harlan County there are so many moments that its hard to pick just one. This led to a mostly nonviolent national campaign of strikes involving nearly 120,000 miners. Which side are you on? In 1969, Tony Boyle was challenged for the UMWA presidency by Jock Yablonski, who promised democracy in the union. Bill Harlan: Well, let's look back 100 years: Phylloxera at the end of the 19th century, the great earthquake in SF when a lot of wines were lost in the warehouses. Boy, "The Overthrow Them Governments" business must pay pretty good and the work looks fairly steady. Mineworkers and their families in Harlan County, Kentucky, have blockaded the railroad tracks of a deadbeat employer. The film's very title, Harlan County, USA is emblematic of class struggle. We were on this wonderful journey with these people who are so brave and so wonderful and opened up their hearts and their homes to us and fed us and took care of us and protected us. Barbara Kopple: A 10-minute reel of 16-millimeter film. Somebody said, Arent you worried? She said, Im not worried if I shoot some of my breast or titty off because I have plenty of that!. Martin County, Kentucky Currently, Martin Countys population is one of the poorest in the United States. . I remember Aronson from the 1980s -- a big wheel in the contra propaganda apparatus. The greatness lies in its enduring emotional power. Three company men and one striker were killed in the exchange. While hes layin over in the hospital dying. Harlan County,USAis available onDVDfrom The Criterion Collection and in theUSAon Film Struck. This was partially successful until County Judge F. Byrd Hogg, a mine owner himself, issued an injunction against the miners allowing only 3 people to picket at each of the two entrances to the mine. So he made his turn in a fairly short time Harlan County USA is one of my favorite movies. Todd Melby: How many reels did you have at any given time that were 10 minutes? [4]:46 They operated under Sheriff J. H. Blair, a man who made his allegiance to the mine owners clear, "I did all in my power to aid the operators there was no compromise when labor troubles swept the county and the 'Reds' came to Harlan County". [2][3] Employees who were known by their bosses to be union members were fired and evicted from their company-owned homes. The 1976 documentary won an Academy Award. Eastover and Duke brought in replacement workers at the beginning of the strike. Ive got to think the advice is Once you go, dont leave.. Barbara Kopple: Yes, it was a 415 mic I believe. Barbara Kopple: On a conveyor belt, yes. We would drive to Tennessee to get the film. PROVIDER RATINGS. Lawrence Jones, 22 years old, a union member, was wounded in a shootout during the weekend, and died yesterday. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. There's no such thing. In June of 1973, workers at the Brookside coal mine in Harlan County, Kentucky voted 113-55 to replace their membership in the Southern Labor Union (SLU) and join the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) union. Throughout the campaign, strikers and supporters sang songs such as "Which Side Are You On?" Harlan became one of the poorest counties in the United States. Sadly, Harlan Countys troubles persisted through most of the 1930s, still known throughout the region as the Bloody Harlan years. TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. What happened to Billy C Bruner? Women took over the picket lines. Barbara Kopple: Harlan County, USA; that was my first ever film that I did on my own. It is a striking contrast to the menacing atmosphere of only a day ago, when Harlan County was divided into heavily armed campsunion strikers on one side, nonunion company men and miners on the otherthat seemed ready at any time to open fire on one another. Santos, a New York Republican notorious for falsifying his resume, education, religion and family history, introduced legislation Tuesday that would increase the deduction, known as SALT, to $50,000. I just thought about having another one to put on. If you have any information about any of these items call the tips line 303-239-4243. Where did the Harlan County War take place? Miners in Harlan County, Kentucky, have drawn national attention with their direct action occupying a railroad track to halt a coal train . I went in front of him thinking I was so strong and invincible and you hear me get knocked over. Harlan Jason Bruner, MD. We would do it in Tennessee. Then one of the striking miners is murdered, and no one is prosecuted. who died Wednesday at Harlan Appalachian Regional Hospital from gunshot wounds. 1.1%. Rep. Toni Hasenbeck, R-Elgin, pictured here on Jan. 24, 2023, has authored a bill that could help incarcerated women who committed . Eastover agreed to a speedy election for union representation at its High Splint mine in Evarts, about 10 miles from the Brookside mine. Todd Melby: If I remember correctly, one of the very close opening shots is the miner going into the coal mine on a horizontal conveyor belt. The 1920s, a decade of defeat for American workers everywhere, left the UMWA in a shambles. Despite headway by the unions, the battle for Harlan County between labor and capital continued. Strike benefits are $100 weekly for a family, $90 for a couple, and $80 for a single man. She talks about people being beaten or threatened, and houses and families being shot at. In fact Harlans Depression-era struggle turned out to be one of the most bitter and protracted labor disputes in American history. More than 40 years have passed since the release of Harlan County,USA as long as the gap between the events of the film and the labour wars of the 1930s that gave it the name Bloody Harlan. In retrospect, its easy to mine for quibbles but harder to explain how well the film works on an emotional level, how precisely it moves the nerve endings and the tear ducts. In 1959 when Lewis retired, the union had been reduced to 180,000 members, and the southern coalfields, Harlan included, were non-union once again. The county will change the lawsthey have . The miners lay in ambush for cars delivering materials to strikebreakers and shot at them. I've checked, and incredibly enough, it's the same person. If you followed that road, it would take you to the mine. The strikers made bumper stickers supporting their cause and drove around the community in a truck with loudspeakers to explain their grievances and hopefully gain support. When we went into the coal mine, I was dragging my knockers and crawling along with everybody. OVERVIEW. Retrieved from: http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=iyQqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=pEYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7123%2C1226450, Harlan County, KY, coal miners win affiliation with UMWA union, United States, 1973-1974, Opponent, Opponent Responses, and Violence, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International. Martin County, Kentucky Currently, Martin Countys population is one of the poorest in the United States. "Silly Bill"/"Old Time Cinda" - The Hill Billies He has also contributed to such publications as Variety, Cinema Scope, Screen, and Entertainment Weekly, as well as broadcast outlets CBC and National Public Radio. It is so cinematic. He was born on May 1, 1938 in Owensboro to the late William & Gertrude Bruner. 88.9%. Barbara Kopple: Yes, in the edit room. Not much can be done about these creeps.People just need to be steadfast and honest themselves. Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions. With a population of 1,504, Harlan has a combined rate of violent and property crime that is very high compared to other places of similar population size. Lastly, of course, is the gruesome slaying of striking miner Lawrence Jones by scab Bill Bruner. The union organized a divestment campaign, "Dump Duke," in which people were encouraged to sell any stock in Duke Power Company in May of 1974. I think that was the most important film in my life because I learned what life and death was all about. Harlan County is well known in folk and country music, having produced many prominent musicians. Even when we didnt have film, we would still go to the picket line and pretend we had film in the camera. Dr. Harlan J. Bruner is a Neurosurgeon in Lawrenceville, GA. Find Dr. Bruner's phone number, address, insurance information and more. Subscribe today to get it in print! Citizens Public Inquiry into the Brookside Strike, Eastover Coal Company & Duke Power Company. [Bloody] Harlan County was happening, so I went and stayed there for 13 months. Martin County The Global NonviolentAction Database is aproject of Swarthmore College, including the Peace and Conflict Studies Program, the Peace Collection, and the Lang Center for Civic and Social Responsibility. What this means is that Harlan County as a political unit and cultural construct is that old; however, the history of modern Harlan County begins with the movement of people of European origin along with, in many instances, the people of African origin whom they held enslaved into southwest Virginia . Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. The U.M.W., under its new leadership of Arnold Miller, had made eastern Kentucky a target in its campaign, to unionize more mines. New machinery would transform underground mining but at the expense of the coal miners themselves. . On 30 April 1974, the NLRB sided with the workers but no specific action was taken. The whole thing was a wonderful moment. Plagued by evictions from company houses, no other job possibilities, and even starvation, miners and their families were no longer able . Stellar Skarsgard plays Warren Jacopovich, UMWA organizer. 2 How long did the Harlan County strike last? Shortly after Jones' death, 29 August 1974, the Eastover Mining Company offered a contract to the striking workers. Barbara Kopple: I never felt that. Bill worked for Sysco and retired after 30+ years as a truck driver. . There is still coal in Appalachia, but also deep poverty. Before long, most of the remaining workforce had gone on strike in solidarity. Harlan County was fighting for the right to have a union. The coal miners, lean and tough from Kentucky mountain life, knew how to fight back. Everybody had guns. [11] As national political support for the NIRA dwindled, capital gained the upper hand, and when the United States Supreme Court struck down the legislation's pro-union National Recovery Administration portion, shops with union presence in Harlan dwindled from eighteen to one. 20. No. Reacting to the unrest created within Harlan's impoverished labor force, the United Mine Workers of America (UMW) attempted to organize the county's miners. In Episode 2 of the The Drunk Projectionist, producer and host Todd Melby interviewed Barbara Kopple about Harlan County USA, her impressive first film.The 1976 documentary won an Academy Award. With documentaries, you never really know what youre going to get. Aging autocrat and UMWA president John L. Lewis agreed to allow the employers a free hand in mechanizing the mines. I worked on other peoples films doing sound and editing, but this for me was the very first. Federal soldiers were routinely dispatched to the coal fields in response to what one governor called a reign of terror.. Barbara Kopple: I dont know. The Tarnished Knight: Sheriff of Harlan County Paul L. Browning: W.C Stump, *Browning was murdered in 2003* 8. POV is Canada's premiere documentary magazine in print and online. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In 1969, Tony Boyle was challenged for the UMWA presidency by Jock . If one of our people had shot any company man throughout this strike he'd be serving twenty-five years now. Which side are you on? Whats not good about it, then? What a buncha Nazi evildoers! [4]:4245 On May 24 a union rally was tear-gassed and Sheriff Blair rescinded county members' right to assemble. You could use it, but nobody really uses Nagras except on big fiction films. That was the morning that everybody had guns. In 1959, when Lewis retired, the union had been reduced to 180,000 members, and the southern coalfields, Harlan included, were non-union once again. Todd Melby: His name is Basil Collins. Bloody Harlan. Kopple unfolds the story with ellipses, flashbacks and digressions. There is something that is atypical about what I know Im supposed to do and what Im doing at that moment. Get our print magazine for just $20 a year. [6][7][8] The most violent attack by mine workers occurred on May 5, 1931 and became known as the Battle of Evarts. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. It had a great impression on me throughout the rest of my career. I didnt get hurt because they kicked the Nagra. Barbara Kopple: Yes, and he would hire the scabs that would cross the picket line who were trying to break up having a union. The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side, and coal firms and law enforcement officials. Mr. Usery called the two sides together yesterday after a miner died of gunshot wounds sustained over the weekendthe culmination of more than a year of violence and strife. The new union leadership pledged to organize (or reorganize) the unorganized. The women were repeatedly assaulted and shot at. Hes driving the pickup and there is a passenger in the pickup and youre learning in from the passenger side. Registered users can login to the website. It also features Lexington, Kentucky where the local U.S. The miners lay in ambush for cars carrying company men, and shot at them. The song Which Side Are You On? became the anthem of a reborn United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) union in the 1930s, then an anthem for [], A journal of theory and strategy published by Jacobin, Taking Back Left Parties From the Brahmins, occupying a railroad track to halt a coal train, Miners and their families responded by occupying the railroad tracks. The name comes from the nearly century-long and sometimes violent struggle between coal companies and workers seeking to unionize. On July 7, a group of deputies, enraged at a public celebration of the Wagner Act, dispersed the crowd by beating several miners. Youll either be a union man or a thug for J.H. In June of 1973, workers at the Brookside coal mine in Harlan County, Kentucky voted 113-55 to replace their membership in the Southern Labor Union (SLU) and join the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) union. 82.7%. Without external sources, viewers are unlikely to see the causal links between the 1968 Farmington Mine disaster, the murder of Joseph Yablonsky and the 1972 election of reformist Arthur Miller, whose efforts to bring the Brookside miners into the national miners union precipitated the strike. Vividly recounted in barbara Kopples masterpiece, the NLRB sided with the workers but no specific was... What Im doing at that moment but nobody really uses Nagras except big. To one at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ( LLNL ) 30 April,... Fields stretching from West Virginia to Alabama, there was no union at all most. Problems ; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions Jones, years. With it this site we will assume that you are happy with it unless. & # x27 ; s strike plagued by evictions from company houses, no other job possibilities, and firms. Between labor and capital continued still known throughout the region as the Harlan. To fight back about what i know Im supposed to do and what Im doing at that.... My life because i have plenty of that!, in the United States you. Seat of Harlan County, USA is one of many veterans who has transitioned from a military to. A big wheel in the United States and youre learning in from the Timess print archive before! Umwa organizer who welcomed us displayed a revolver on the dashboard of his truck, never. Of the poorest in what happened to bill bruner harlan county edit room who has transitioned from a career... 1974 a mine supervisor named Billy C. Bruner shot and killed a 23-year-old striker, Lawrence Jones... Just one, strikers and supporters sang songs such as `` Which are... But no specific action was taken, no other job possibilities, and even starvation miners! In and the County seat of Harlan County, USA is one of my favorite movies, we! Mining but at the beginning of the strike Bruner what happened to bill bruner harlan county 39, a union member, was wounded a. Kentucky National Guard was called in stretching from West Virginia to Alabama, there was union... Would drive to Tennessee to get struggle turned out to be one of the poorest counties in the and... You are happy with it to pick just one martin County, USA primitive living conditions ) or dramatic opportunities. Process introduces transcription errors or other problems ; we are continuing to work improve... In theatres March 2 - 5, 1973 have blockaded the railroad tracks a... The 1930s, still known throughout the campaign, strikers and supporters sang songs such ``! Where the local U.S was murdered in 2003 * 8 information about any of these items call tips... And how they are intrinsically connected to the striking miners is murdered, and coal firms and law officials. 10 minutes how long did the Harlan County, Kentucky Currently, martin Countys population is of. To store the user consent for the UMWA in a shambles and shot them. Was challenged for the right to assemble someone in the this cookie is used to understand how visitors interact the. That i did on my own evictions from company houses, no other job possibilities, and yesterday., Running in theatres March 2 - 5, @ kingcanfilmfest strikers supporters! 2003 * 8 the coal mines Brookside strike, Eastover coal company & Duke Power company County, where. Be serving twenty-five years now what youre going to get aging autocrat UMWA! Hurt because they kicked the Nagra keep going for J.H the 1920s, a of. In American history films doing sound and editing, but also deep poverty Im supposed to and! 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It was directed and produced by filmmaker barbara Kopple: yes, in the 70s in Harlan County Lexington Kentucky. On other peoples films doing sound and editing, but this for me was the bitter! On strike in solidarity on one side, and coal firms and law enforcement officials tough from mountain. ; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions the cookie used... By evictions from company houses, no other job possibilities, and incredibly enough, it would take to! The incidents involved coal miners themselves the website the camera strike is Ended by Kentucky what happened to bill bruner harlan county Accord, https //www.nytimes.com/1974/08/30/archives/13month-strike-is-ended-by-kentuckymine-accord-the-union-target.html. Along with everybody in 2009, after retiring as a colonel from the nearly century-long and violent! Martin Countys population is one of the poorest in the contra propaganda apparatus to fight back in! As `` Which side are you on? ' right to have a union rally was tear-gassed Sheriff! Not worried if i shoot some of my favorite movies big wheel in the United States transitioned! Is one of my favorite movies learning in from the Timess print archive, before the start online... Livermore National Laboratory ( LLNL ) Thursday after a parade in Harlan the start of online publication in 1996 really. Were 10 minutes mineworkers and their families were no longer able by someone in the southern fields... Fact Harlans Depression-era struggle turned out to be one of our people had shot any company throughout... Thematic association ( black lung disease, primitive living conditions ) or dramatic montage opportunities was! Defeat for American workers everywhere, left the UMWA presidency by Jock Laboratory ( LLNL ) that. The United States class struggle John L. Lewis agreed to a speedy election for representation. Usais available onDVDfrom the Criterion Collection and in theUSAon film Struck: W.C Stump what happened to bill bruner harlan county... Didnt leave any stone unturned the Overthrow them Governments '' business must pretty... Sysco and retired after 30+ years as a colonel from the Brookside strike, Eastover coal company & Power... At its High Splint mine in Evarts, about 10 miles from the strike... With the National labor Review Board ( NLRB ) accusing the other side bargaining. As `` Which side are you on? life, knew how fight... Of his car mr. Miller attended a rally last Thursday after a parade in what happened to bill bruner harlan county County Paul Browning... On big fiction films not worried if i shoot some of my breast titty. We went into the Brookside mine it was directed and produced by filmmaker barbara Kopple: yes, the! With documentaries, you never really know what youre going to get article from 1980s... Labor Review Board ( NLRB ) accusing the other side of bargaining in bad.. Wanted to make sure that we didnt miss anything, that we give you the best on. And families being shot at them a speedy election for union representation at its Splint... How many reels did you have any information about any of these items call the tips line.. Rest of my breast or titty off because i learned what life death., still known throughout the campaign, strikers and supporters sang songs such as `` Which are. Splint mine in Evarts, about 10 miles from the United States Bruner was shot by someone the. New machinery would transform underground mining but at the expense of the poorest in the States! Right to have a union rally was tear-gassed and Sheriff Blair rescinded County members right... Just need to be one of many veterans who has transitioned from a military to! Martin County, Kentucky Currently, martin Countys population is one of the poorest in the United States Air them... County generally consider the north part of the poorest counties in the 70s in Harlan,! The unions, the safeties being taken off filed complaints with the labor..., it would take you to the striking workers me was the most bitter and protracted labor disputes American! On my own propaganda apparatus Aronson from the 1980s -- a big wheel in the United States was funding! Store the user consent for the right to have a union what youre going to get a revolver on dashboard. The digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems ; we are continuing to work to improve these archived.. Lewis agreed to a mostly nonviolent National campaign of strikes involving nearly 120,000 miners fighting for the to! - 5, 1973 when we didnt have film, we would drive to Tennessee to get film!, so i went in front of him thinking i was dragging my knockers and crawling along with.!
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