[267] The stadium hosted the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final, and was selected by the UEFA to host the CL Final games of 2020 and 2021, which were relocated to Lisbon (2020) and Porto (2021) due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The cost of living in Istanbul is 122% more expensive than in Konya. [96] Another effect of Istanbul's maritime position is its persistently high dew points, near-saturation morning humidity,[97] and frequent fog,[98][95] which also limits Istanbul's sunshine hours to levels closer to Western Europe,[99] and gives the city its noticeable seasonal lag; Istanbul is one of the few cities in the temperate Northern Hemisphere where March is, on average, colder than December. [20], The name stanbul (Turkish pronunciation:[istanbu] (listen), colloquially Turkish pronunciation:[stambu]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase " " (pronounced Greek pronunciation:[is tim bolin]), which means "to the city"[21] and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. [246], Coinciding with this cultural reemergence was the establishment of the Istanbul Festival, which began showcasing a variety of art from Turkey and around the world in 1973. The city was founded as Byzantium (Greek: , Byzantion) in the 7th century BCE by Greek settlers from Megara. When it was held for the first time in 2003, the annual Istanbul Pride became the first gay pride event in a Muslim-majority country. [276] Despite the construction boom, five bids for the Summer Olympicsin 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2020and national bids for UEFA Euro 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016 have ended unsuccessfully. [44], Constantine the Great effectively became the emperor of the whole of the Roman Empire in September 324. 19.2C vs 18.2C 1.9C higher average temperature? [314] Laser eye surgery is particularly common among medical tourists, as Turkey is known for specializing in the procedure. [16], Istanbul experienced especially rapid growth during the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold between 1950 and 2000. [359], Istanbul Atatrk Airport, located 24 kilometers (15mi) west of the city center, on the European side, near the Marmara Sea coast, was formerly the city's largest airport. [373], Metropolitan municipality and Province in Marmara, Turkey, Originally a church, later a mosque, the 6th-century, Two aerial photos showing the Golden Horn and the Bosporus, taken from a German zeppelin on 19 March 1918, Rise and fall of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire, Until the early 20th century, along with other names. [233], Istanbul was historically known as a cultural hub, but its cultural scene stagnated after the Turkish Republic shifted its focus toward Ankara. The Neolithic settlement in the Yenikap quarter on the European side, which dates back to c. 6500 BCE and predates the formation of the Bosporus strait by approximately a millennium (when the Sea of Marmara was still a lake)[147] was discovered during the construction of the Marmaray railway tunnel. Mediterranean monk seals were present in Bosporus, and Princes' Islands and Tuzla shores were seal breeding areas during summer, but they have not been observed in Istanbul since the 1960s and thought to be extinct in the region. In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. The Istanbul Biennial is a contemporary art exhibition that has been held biennially since 1987. [290] Istanbul also has long-running Armenian language newspapers, notably the dailies Marmara and Jamanak and the bilingual weekly Agos in Armenian and Turkish. Glhane Park and Yldz Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces Topkap Palace and Yldz Palacebut they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. The Istanbul Shopping Fest is an annual shopping festival held since 2011, and Teknofest is an annual festival of aviation, aerospace and technology, held since 2018. [191], With estimates ranging from 2 to 4 million, Kurds form one of the largest ethnic minorities in Istanbul and are the biggest group after Turks among Turkish citizens. [294], TRT-Children is the only TRT television station based in Istanbul. The former village of Ortaky is within Beikta and gives its name to the Ortaky Mosque on the Bosporus, near the Bosporus Bridge. [360] In a study that examined urban flora in Kartal, a total of 576 plant taxa were recorded; of those 477 were natural and 99 were exotic and cultivated. Sabiha Gken International, 45 kilometers (28mi) southeast of the city center, on the Asian side, was opened in 2001 to relieve Atatrk. WebHow does Istanbul compare to Paris? deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, refugees of the Syrian Civil War in Turkey, International Council of Shopping Centers, Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Second Bosphorus) Bridge, Yavuz Sultan Selim (Third Bosphorus) Bridge, List of twin towns and sister cities of Istanbul, "The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2021", "Sub-national HDI Area Database Global Data Lab", "Top city destinations by overnight visitors", "Marmaray kazlarnda tarih gn na kt", "Blue Versus Green: Rocking the Byzantine Empire", Globalization, Cosmopolitanism, and the Dnme in Ottoman Salonica and Turkish Istanbul, "Turkey recovers from one earthquake and braces for more", "Turkey: New building code for earthquake resilience", "World Map of the Kppen-Geiger climate classification updated", "Updated world map of the Kppen-Geiger climate classification", "Climatologie globale Istanbul / Ataturk - Infoclimat", "Personal Weather Station Dashboard | Weather Underground", "Normales et records climatologiques 1981-2010 Istanbul / Ataturk - Infoclimat", "Comparisons of Annual Meanprecipations of Annual Meanprecipitation Gridded and Station Data: An Example from Istanbul, Turkey Yllk Ortalama Gridlenmi Ya Verisi ve stasyon Ya Verisinin Karlatrlmas, stanbul rnei USTAOLU Marmara Corafya Dergisi", "stanbul Blge Mdrl'ne Bal stasyonlarda llen Ekstrem Deerler", "Normales et records climatologiques 2011-2020 SARIYER - Infoclimat", "Snow Acts as a Magical Balm in an Anxious Turkey (Published 2017)", "March 1987 Cyclone (Blizzard) over the Eastern Mediterranean and Balkan Region Associated with Blocking", 10.1175/1520-0493(1998)126<3036:MCBOTE>2.0.CO;2, "Rivista Ligure di Meteorologia 44 - La neve sulle coste del Mediterraneo", "Normales et records climatologiques 1991-2020 Istanbul / Ataturk - Infoclimat", "weather istanbul - turkey - weatheronline", "Gov't forced to take measures amid below average rainfall across Turkey", "Lightning electrifies Istanbul, northwestern Turkey skies as thunderstorms take over", "Istanbul flood result of Turkey's climate change", "Climate Explorer: Yearly cycle and anomalies over", "Koppen climate classification | Definition, System, & Map", "Appendix D: Koppen-Trewartha Climate Classification Descriptions", "Temperature to increase significantly in Turkey in 30 years due to global warming, warns climate expert", "Xeriscaping Feasibility as an Urban Adaptation Method for Global Warming: A Case Study from Turkey", Istanbul Office Market General Overview: Third Quarter 2021, WCTR Society & Unyu Seisaku Kenky Kik 2004, "Gov't launches plan to fight illegal construction", "Poor but Proud Istanbul Neighborhood Faces Gentrification", "Forced gentrification plan spells end for old Roma district in Istanbul", "New city construction to begin in six months", "Water Supply Systems, Reservoirs, Charity and Free Fountains, Turkish Baths", "Illustration of the Lake (later Sea) of Marmara and the formation of the Turkish Straits after the Black Sea deluge", Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2008, "Population of Istanbul in Turkey from 2007 to 2019", "Address Based Population Registration System Results of 2010", "The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2019", "File 11a: The 30 Largest Urban Agglomerations Ranked by Population Size at Each Point in Time, 19502035", "Starting Up in Turkey: Expats Getting Organized", "International Migration Statistics, 2019", "Doum yerlerine gre stanbul nfusu ve i gler", "stanbul'da en ok nereli var: stanbul'da en ok hangi ilden vatanda yayor? [183][184] The city's annual population growth of 1.5 percent ranks as one of the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. [241] Movie theaters rapidly cropped up in Beyolu, with the greatest concentration of theaters being along the street now known as stiklal Avenue. Along the European side, and close to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park, which was known as the Kyparades (Cypress Forest) during the Byzantine period. This was followed by nonobservant people with 26% who identified with a religion but generally did not practise its requirements. 3C higher average maximum temperature? WebCompare the size of countries, regions and cities Istanbul (Turkey) size comparison Save 2,063 km2 / 796 mile2 No description found. Web15.5M. [h], The Sinan Erdem Dome, among the largest indoor arenas in Europe, hosted the final of the 2010 FIBA World Championship, the 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships, as well as the 201112 Euroleague and 201617 EuroLeague Final Fours. [13] Suleiman the Magnificent's reign from 1520 to 1566 was a period of especially great artistic and architectural achievement; chief architect Mimar Sinan designed several iconic buildings in the city, while Ottoman arts of ceramics, stained glass, calligraphy, and miniature flourished. [70] There was a huge new palace to rival, if not overshadow, the old one, a new covered market (still standing as the Grand Bazaar), porticoes, pavilions, walkways, as well as more than a dozen new mosques. All four stadiums are elite Category 4 (formerly five-star) UEFA stadiums. Sergius and Bacchus, the Church of Theotokos Pammakaristos, the Monastery of the Pantocrator, the Monastery of Christ Pantepoptes, the Hagia Theodosia, the Church of Theotokos Kyriotissa, the Monastery of Constantine Lips, the Church of Myrelaion, the Hagios Theodoros, etc. How to Choose SizeXS36R, S38R, M40R, L42R, XL44R, XXL46R. Organized between 2003 and 2013, Rock'n Coke was the biggest open-air rock festival in Turkey, sponsored by Coca-Cola. In 1930, the city's name was officially changed to Istanbul, the Turkish rendering of (romanized: eis tn Plin; 'to the City'), the appellation Greek speakers used since the 11th century to colloquially refer to the city. [286][287], Most state-run radio and television stations are based in Ankara, but Istanbul is the primary hub of Turkish media. Istanbul Province sends 98 Members of Parliament to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, which has a total of 600 seats. [293] Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. mamolu won the vote with 48.77% of the vote, against Yldrm's 48.61%, but the elections were controversially annulled by the Supreme Electoral Council due to AKP's claim of electoral fraud. [171][172], District councils are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosporus strait (which separates Europe and Asia) between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The whole city was generally known as Constantinople or under other names. It handled 61.3 million passengers in 2015, which made it the third-busiest airport in Europe and the 18th-busiest in the world in that year. [181], The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 15,519,267 at the end of 2019, hosting 19 percent of the country's population. 16.1C vs 12C 87.14% lower population 2.23M. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its nickname Der Saadet meaning the 'Gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman Turkish. WebAsk everyone to send you their heights and compare them together on our crisp and clean chart! Because of its hilly topography and maritime influences, Istanbul exhibits a multitude of distinct microclimates. Consequently, Istanbul's temperatures almost always oscillate between 5C (23F) and 32C (90F),[95] and most of the city does not experience temperatures above 30C (86F) for more than 14 days a year. [195] Zazas are also present in the city and constitute around 1% of the total voting-age population. [310] Today, mobile and landline service is provided by private companies, after Trk Telekom, which split from the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone in 1995, was privatized in 2005. [84] Turkish forces of the Ankara government, commanded by kr Naili Pasha (3rd Corps), entered the city with a ceremony on 6 October 1923, which has been marked as the Liberation Day of Istanbul (Turkish: stanbul'un Kurtuluu) and is commemorated every year on its anniversary. [196] Following Turkey's support for the Arab Spring, Istanbul emerged as a hub for dissidents from across the Arab world, including former presidential candidates from Egypt, Kuwaiti MPs, and former ministers from Jordan, Saudi Arabia (including Jamal Khashoggi), Syria, and Yemen. Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has ranked among the largest cities in the world. [125][126][127] If trends continue, sea level rise is likely to affect city infrastructure, for example Kadkoy metro station is threatened with flooding. WebCompare the size of countries, regions and cities Istanbul (Turkey) is 2.64 times as big as New York City (US) Istanbul (Turkey) No description found. [182], Istanbul ranks as the seventh-largest city proper in the world, and the second-largest urban agglomeration in Europe, after Moscow. [240] These museums have yet to attain the popularity of older museums on the historic peninsula, including the Istanbul Archaeology Museums, which ushered in the era of modern museums in Turkey, and the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum. [4] 19.2C vs 16.2C 4.1C higher average temperature? [10], Over 13.4 million foreign visitors came to Istanbul in 2018, eight years after it was named a European Capital of Culture, making it the world's eighth most visited city. [39] The city experienced a brief period of Persian rule at the turn of the 5th century BCE, but the Greeks recaptured it during the Greco-Persian Wars. [96][102], As Istanbul is only slightly rain shadowed from Mediterranean storms and is otherwise surrounded by water, it usually receives some amount of precipitation from both Western European and Mediterranean systems. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 15 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as the world's 5th-largest city proper and the largest European city. Leonardo da Vinci International Airport [158] In 1639, Murad IV made some of the most lavish additions, including the Baghdad Kiosk, to commemorate his conquest of Baghdad the previous year. In 2013 and 2014, large-scale anti-AKP government protests began in stanbul and spread throughout the nation. In June 2021 a marine mucilage wave allegedly caused by water pollution spread to Sea of Marmara. [151], Built in porphyry and erected at the center of the Forum of Constantine in 330 CE to mark the founding of the new Roman capital, the Column of Constantine was originally adorned with a sculpture of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great depicted as the solar god Apollo on its top, which fell in 1106 and was later replaced by a cross during the reign of Byzantine emperor Manuel Komnenos (r. [300], Istanbul's first water supply systems date back to the city's early history, when aqueducts (such as the Valens Aqueduct) deposited the water in the city's numerous cisterns. ", Kara Rapor 2020: Hava Kirlilii ve Salk Etkileri, "Major cities blighted by nitrogen dioxide pollution, research finds | Air pollution", Constantinople: City of the World's Desire, 14531924, Website of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality: Interactive aerial photos from 1946, 1966, 1970, 1982, 2006, 2011 and 2013, Museum of Science and Technology in Islam, Population distribution and settlement in Turkey, Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&oldid=1133395167, Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Turkey, Archaeological sites in the Marmara Region, Populated places established in the 7th century BC, Wikipedia pages semi-protected from banned users, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles containing Turkish-language text, Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list, Pages using infobox settlement with possible area code list, Articles with Turkish-language sources (tr), Pages using infobox settlement with image map1 but not image map, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles containing Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles lacking reliable references from December 2020, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from August 2020, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles with disputed statements from July 2021, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Pages using largest cities with nav class, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 13 January 2023, at 15:41.
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