LibreOffice Basic predefines several constants. These are inserted in the text and influence its structure. In addition to single dimensional data fields, LibreOffice Basic also supports work with multi-dimensional data fields. It combines all the pages within the spreadsheet. Here are the central methods that the com.sun.star.text.TextCursor service provides for navigation: The text is divided into sentences on the basis of sentence symbols. StarOffice 5: The Range object allows you to address any table area and has been extended in the new API. If, on the other hand, the Basic interpreter first converts the start values B and C into a string and applies the plus operator to the result, it produces the string 11. This includes declaring multi-dimensional data fields and specifying explicit start and end values. When specifying a service name, it is only the module name which is of any importance because this must be also listed in the name. ThisComponent returns the last previously active document. The assignment. Alternatively, if only an empty document without any adaptation is needed, a private:factory URL can be specified: The call creates an empty LibreOffice writer document. There is no type declaration symbol for date variables. Accessing databases is often a matter of critical speed. The text in the paragraph can be retrieved and modified using the String property: The example opens the current text document and passes through it with the help of the Enumeration object. Here, the methods are called directly by means of the relevant object. LibreOffice Basic recognizes but ignores this keyword, because this is already the default procedure in LibreOffice Basic. If neither of these apply, FileDescription is assigned the "normal" string. The 0 character within the template ensures that a number is always placed at the corresponding point. In VBA, you can also use the keyword ByRef to force a parameter to be passed by reference. You can access the individual sheets of a spreadsheet document through the Sheets list. The computer saves the strings internally as a sequence of numbers where each number represents one specific character. When LibreOffice Basic encounters an incorrectly defined variable type in a particular context, an error message is generated. Note: From the standpoint of UNO, the printer is not a real property but an imitated one. The following example declares a data field that has six integer values and which can be addressed using the indexes 5 to 10: The indexes do not need to be positive values. A special object which records the parameters for the process is also first needed for a replacement process. A database connection is needed for access to a database. As of LibreOffice Version 3.3, this status does not show in the GUI, nor is there any GUI way to re-enable the feature. In addition to the methods and properties of control elements, both dialog and control element objects have a subordinate Model object. As with the loadComponentFromURL method, some options can also be specified in the form of a PropertyValue data field using the storeAsURL method. Several TextCursor objects can even be opened for the same document and used in various positions, which are independent of one another. The watch window of the Basic IDE can display the properties of a Uno object (but not the methods, not the interfaces). The FileExists function can be used to check whether a file exists: When working with files, it is sometimes important to be able to establish the file properties, the time the file was last changed and the length of the file. It is important that the name and position of a cell are not confused because row counting for names begins with 1 but the counting for position begins with 0. In draft mode, the position of control elements can be changed and their properties can be edited using a properties window. The Internet Standard RFC 1738, upon which this is based, permits use of the 0-9, a-z, and A-Z characters. For example, support for the ChDir, ChDrive and CurDir functions is not provided. To avoid such blind events, save the old control element value in a global variable, and then check to see if the value has changed when an event is executing. Values for the Array fields can be stored like this: Accessing values in an array works like this: And example containing all steps that show real array usage: A variable in LibreOffice Basic has a limited life span and a limited scope from which it can be read and used in other program fragments. The Diagram object provides the following properties to access the grids: The grid object is based on the com.sun.star.chart.ChartGrid service, which in turn supports the line properties of the com.sun.star.drawing.LineStyle support service (refer to #Drawings and Presentations). In other words, formatting using templates is assigned a lower priority than direct formatting in a text. The Expand parameter is a Boolean value which specifies whether the area passed over during navigation is to be highlighted. Variables that are declared in a function or a procedure are called local variables: Local variables only remain valid as long as the function or the procedure is executing, and then are reset to zero. The following call, for example, determines whether the TextElement object supports the com.sun.star.text.Paragraph service. From a Set of ASCII Characters to Unicode, Dynamic Changes in the Dimensions of Data Fields, Determining the Dimensions of Data Fields, Array Creation, value assignment and access example, Programming Example: Sorting With Embedded Loops, Terminating Procedures and Functions Prematurely, Specification of Date and Time Details within the Program Code, Copying, Renaming, Deleting and Checking the Existence of Files, com.sun.star.lang.XMultiServiceFactory Interface, com.sun.star.container.XNameAccess Interface, com.sun.star.container.XNameContainer Interface, Index-Based Access to Subordinate Objects, com.sun.star.container.XIndexAccess Interface, com.sun.star.container.XIndexContainer Interface, com.sun.star.container.XEnumeration and XenumerationAccess Interfaces, Basic Information about Documents in LibreOffice, Creating, Opening and Importing Documents, Replacing the Content of the Document Window, Default values for character and paragraph properties, Example: searching and replacing text with regular expressions, Inserting, Deleting, Copying and Moving Cells, Definition of Elements to be Printed (Spreadsheets Only), Type-Specific Methods for Retrieving Values, Closing With the Close Button in the Title Bar, Working With the Model of Dialogs and Control Elements, The Three Aspects of a Control Element Form, Accessing the Model of Control Element Forms, Accessing the View of Control Element Forms, Accessing the Shape Object of Control Element Forms, Determining the Size and Position of Control Elements, #Scope_of_Variables Scope and Life Span of Variables, '''#Default values for character and paragraph properties''', https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/index.php?title=Documentation/BASIC_Guide&oldid=592397, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, Addition of numbers and date values, concatenation of strings, Division of numbers with a whole number result (rounded), modulo operation (calculation of the remainder of a division), Implication (if the first expression is true, then the second must also be true), Equality of numbers, date values and strings, Inequality of numbers, date values and strings, Greater than check for numbers, date values and strings, Greater than or equal to check for numbers, date values and strings, Less than check for numbers, date values and strings, Less than or equal to check for numbers, date values and strings. To make this possible, data sources are accessed by drivers. If A is less than 3 (but not equal to zero), then B is assigned the value 1. Even in the standard installation, LibreOffice Basic has all the components needed to create its own Basic macros, including: The components of the LibreOffice API that are discussed in this guide were selected based on their practical benefits for the LibreOffice Basic programmer. The type is declared in the same way as a variable declaration: If the return type is not specified (see first example of this page), the function returns a variant. In error handling, it is useful to have a description of the error and to know where and why the error occurred: shows how the error information can be displayed in a message window. Although you can use the + operator to concatenate strings, the Basic interpreter can become confused when concatenating a number to a string. In the first two examples, the code within the loop may not be executed at all ("do 0 times" logic). For all axes an additional title can be displayed. A Draw (or Impress) document is composed of pages, also called slides. All the properties of the SearchDescriptor described in the previous paragraph are also supported by ReplaceDescriptor. It can, for example, be moved into the next line if a line break occurs. The main properties of this service are described in the following sections. Only at run-time can you find out which properties or methods are available for an object. The Diagram object provides the following properties to access the axes: The axis objects of a LibreOffice chart support the com.sun.star.chart.ChartAxis service. Function calls, mathematical expressions, and other linguistic elements, such as function and loop headers, must be completed on the same line that they begin on. If it does not have a URL or was opened in its read-only status, it is saved under a new URL. The ForNext loop has a fixed number of passes. It is therefore a simple alternative to configuring dialogs. For more information about the LibreOffice API and the Software Development Kit, visit https://api.libreoffice.org. It searches through a text for paragraph portions which have been depicted as bold type using direct formatting. The parameters are structured in the same way as the corresponding functions in XNameContainer. For this reason, this algorithm is also known as a Bubble sort. It supports the following properties: The name of the current chapter is available through a text field of the com.sun.star.text.textfield.Chapter type. its spell checker, forms designer, and charting tools). Set focus. The scope of application for LibreOffice Basic begins where the standard functions of LibreOffice end. The interface between the API and various programming languages is provided by something called Universal Network Objects (UNO). Finally, the following information symbols are available and can also be displayed by adding the relevant parameter values: The following call displays an information box with the Yes and No buttons (value 4), of which the second button (No) is set as the default value (value 256) and which also receives a question mark (value 32), 4+256+32=292. Charts are not treated as independent documents in LibreOffice, but as objects that are embedded in an existing document. This can be compared with highlighting a point in the text using the mouse. The com.sun.star.text.Paragraph service grants access to the content of a paragraph. Note: These are defined in the com.sun.star.text.TextTable service. These include. Base uses the HSQLDB database engine to create database documents. Example 1: access by means of the number (numbering begins with 0), Note: You can access these elements through the getControl method that returns the control element by name. A string variable can store up to 65535 characters. Dialogs can, for example, display database information or guide users through a step-by-step process of creating a new document in the form of a Wizard. In addition to linking individual lines, in LibreOffice Basic you can use colons to divide one line into several sections, so that there is enough space for several expressions. The simplest scenario is for the button to trigger a When Initiating event when it is clicked by a user. The expression Dim MyArray(3) declares an array that has four variables of the variant data type, namely MyArray(0), MyArray(1), MyArray(2), and MyArray(3). LibreOffice Basic returns the name of the first directory entry found. Note: The remaining chapters describe the individual components of the LibreOffice API in more detail and can be read selectively as required: The LibreOffice Basic programming language has been developed especially for LibreOffice and is firmly integrated in the Office package. This object is then applied to the required text area in order to perform the action. Public domain variables are defined in the header section of a module by the keyword Dim. LibreOffice Basic provides four functions that return partial strings, plus a length function: Unlike array subscripts, character positions in a string start with 1. Unlike LibreOffice Basic identifiers, the names of control elements are case sensitive. LibreOffice, the best free and open source office suite. To pass parameters as values, use the ByVal keyword. You will find a range of examples which use these methods in the following sections. You can also move data from the database window into text documents using the drag-and-drop function. It is described in the chapter Apache OpenOffice Basic of the Developer's Guide. The letter "e" can be lowercase or uppercase with or without a plus sign (+) as a prefix. Example declaration of a Boolean variable: Date variables can contain date and time values. These are two very different things. Currency variables are mostly intended for business calculations that yield unforeseeable rounding errors due to the use of floating point numbers. The 0 (zero) used as the second parameter in the Dir function ensures that Dir only returns the names of files; directories are ignored. For example, you can check whether a user has typed a valid number or date. No programming knowledge is needed to use the corresponding functions. The procedure saves the individual file names in the AllFiles variable and then displays this in a message box. The following is an example of a search and replace process: This example uses the first page of the document to create a ReplaceDescriptor and then applies this to all pages in a loop. For example, during a replacement process, case sensitivity can also be activated and deactivated, and similarity searches can be performed. The counter is incremented by 1 at the end of each pass. The type declaration symbol for an integer variable is %. The headers and footers of a document form part of the page properties and are defined using the com.sun.star.style.PageProperties service. Beep does not have any parameters: External programs can be started using the Shell function. You will find an overview of the character and paragraph properties available in LibreOffice in the following two sections. Example declarations of currency variables: The handling of Basic Currency type is not reliable. Essential parameters must be enclosed in parentheses after the function or procedure names. When first requested, a string containing the path of the directories to be searched must be assigned to Dir as its first parameter. The first section deals with the anatomy of text documents and concentrates on how a LibreOffice Basic program can be used to take iterative steps through a LibreOffice document. Note: The top left cell is usually called A1 and the bottom right row is usually called Xn, where X stands for the letters of the top column and n for the numbers of the last row. The symbol defined in the corresponding country-specific settings must be used as the decimal point symbol. Regardless of this, the original methods are also available (in our example, getPosition and setPosition). In the simplest scenario, these are the X and Y-axes. From a routine called by an event of a control, e.g. The first character of a marker must be a letter or an underscore. If you understand the last example, then you also know why this example does not do what it appears. LibreOffice Basic provides the MkDir function for creating directories. The following example uses the hasByName method to check if a sheet called MySheet exists. However, unlike a procedure, a function provides a return value. More extensive navigation options, such as the possibility of modifying values, are therefore not included. The paragraph properties are available through the com.sun.star.style.ParagraphProperties service. The column objects support the com.sun.star.table.TableColumn service that has the following properties: The width of a column is only optimized when the OptimalWidth property is set to True. Paragraph portions displayed in bold type are marked using a HTML element when exporting. This code determines the object for the MyButton control element and then initializes the Ctl object variable with a reference to the element. A program-controlled position change of a TextCursor object has no impact whatsoever on the visible cursor. Note: A currency variable can store any value between -922337203685477.5808 and +922337203685477.5807 and takes up to eight bytes of memory. Its argument specifies the value that will be returned by execute method. Example: Suppose that in your Basic library you have a module named PrintDoc. Note: If you want to cleanly structure your code to prevent generating errors when you use this construct, you should not use jump commands without monitoring them. In this case, the syntax of the function is: In the previous examples, InStr ignores uppercase and lowercase characters. The Map AppFont (ma) replaces the Twips unit to achieve better platform independence. It passes through a complete document and formats the first word of every sentence in bold type. These may appear at any point in the text. VBA: When creating and inserting tables in a text document, objects similar to those available in VBA are used in LibreOffice Basic: The document object and a TextCursor object in LibreOffice Basic, or the Range object as the VBA counterpart. It uses not only the Doc document object but also the DocCrl document controller object which makes reference to the current document window. The easiest way is to assign the format properties directly to the text sequence. The type declaration symbol for a currency variable is @. If the PushButtonType has the value of 2, the dialog is closed and the Execute method of the dialog returns the value 0 (dialog closed). Version 2.0 of Unicode is now supported by many programs including LibreOffice and LibreOffice Basic. Line charts provide the following properties: Area charts (com.sun.star.chart.AreaDiagram service) support two X-axes, two Y-axes and one Z-axis. 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