It is the sensitive bulbous structure at the end of the human penis, and is anatomically homologous to the clitoral glans of the human female. ( Mechanical engineering: Fluid engineering) A gland is a device that stops a fluid leaking along a rotating shaft or reciprocating rod passing through a boundary between areas of high and low pressure. Its secreting tubules and acini are long and branched, and it is enclosed in a sheath, the parotid fascia. Glands are divided into two main … Any of the alveolar glands in the mucosa of the cheek. All the steps in synthesizing and releasing thyroid hormones are stimulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secreted by the pituitary gland. Accessed 22 Jan. 2021. It is a small structure in the head. no other symptoms. Adrenocortical insufficiency may be acute or chronic; acute insufficiency of adrenal hormones produces circulatory shock, while chronic insufficiency results in Addison disease. The adrenal medulla is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system and functions in conjunction with it. At this point the behavior of the stem cells changed, and new cells only emerged when mature sebaceous, Anatomy and histology of rodent and human major salivary glands-Overview of the Japan Salivary, Kapadnis, "Histomorphologic study on sweat, Wozniak et al., "The activity of selected glycosidases in salivary, Breastfeeding is performed via the mammary, The most common site of occurrence for both benign and malignant tumors was the parotid, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, Bartholin gland Bartholin, Caspar (the younger), the webmaster's page for free fun content, Stem Cell Research Sheds Light On How Skin's Sebaceous Glands Develop, Immunohistochemical Expression of Transforming Growth Factor-Alpha between Rat Submandibular and Sublingual Salivary Glands during Post-Natal Development, ROLE OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY IN DIAGNOSIS OF SALIVARY GLAND LESIONS, COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN RODENT SALIVARY GLAND DEVELOPMENT, Dissection of silk glands in the Western black widow Latrodectus Hesperus, Histomorphometrical Study on Regional Variation in Distribution of Sweat Glands in Buffalo Skin, Lysosomal Exoglycosidase Profile and Secretory Function in the Salivary Glands of Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes, The pineal gland and higher consciousness, Mammary gland morphology in the northern Amazon red squirrel (Sciurus igniventris)/Morfologia da glandula mamaria em esquilo do Norte Amazonico (Sciurus igniventris), Bilateral hyperplasia of Bartholin's gland: A case report. The adrenal medulla synthesizes and stores three catecholamines: dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. See: hormone. Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) is a condition in which your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough of certain crucial hormones.Hypothyroidism may not cause noticeable symptoms in the early stages. It is called the master gland because it produces hormones that control other glands and many body functions including growth. Any of the gastric glands found in the fundus and body of the gastric mucosa. It can also cause bladder, urinary tract or kidney problems.There are several effective treatments for prostate gland enlargement, including medications, minimally invasive th… The pituitary gland averages 1.3 × 1.0 ×0.5 cm in size and weighs 0.55 to 0.6 g. Synonym: A modified sebaceous gland located on the neck of the penis and the inner surface of the prepuce; its secretion is a component of smegma. Their secretions are thought to be antibacterial. The cortex arises in the embryo from a region of the mesoderm that also gives rise to the gonads. It is partly glandular, with ducts opening into the prostatic portion of the urethra, and partly muscular. Nglish: Translation of gland for Spanish Speakers, Britannica English: Translation of gland for Arabic Speakers, Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about gland. If anyone knows out there please inform me. Medical Author: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR; home > salivary_gland Salivary gland: A gland in the mouth that produces saliva. The major glands are paired and include the parotid, the sublingual, and the submandibular. Any of the glands in the external auditory canal that secrete cerumen. It is a compound tubuloalveolar serous gland. the sebaceous and sudoriferous glands. The gland in the male that surrounds the neck of the bladder and the urethra. Synonym: PITUITARY GLAND: Hormones secreted by the anterior and posterior pituitary gland, along with target organs. Any of the glands that project from the surface of the synovial tissue into the joint space and secrete synovial fluid. Its main duct (Wharton duct) opens at the side of the frenulum linguae. The gland that secretes tears. A collection of cells whose function is to release certain chemicals, or hormones, which are important to the functioning of other, sometimes distantly located, organs or body systems. Glands: The relationship of the hair follicle, eccrine and apocrine sweat glands and sebaceous glands. Synonym: Any of the glands, e.g., the mammary glands, whose cells lose some of their cytoplasmic contents in the formation of secretion. Exocrine glands, e.g., the salivary glands, secrete specific molecules either onto the outer surface of the body or into a duct that empties onto surfaces that connect to the outer surface of the body. In women, these glands are made up of lobes and lobules bound together by areolar tissue. Pineal gland definition, a small, cone-shaped endocrine organ in the posterior forebrain, secreting melatonin and involved in biorhythms and gonadal development. The glands are simple or branched alveolar glands, most of which open into hair follicles. Any of the alveolar glands of the mucosa of the lips. Any of the acinar glands of the tracheal mucosa. Salivary secretion is under nervous control, reflexly initiated by mechanical, chemical, or radiant stimuli acting on taste buds in the mouth, olfactory receptors, or the eyes. The entire gland is enclosed in a tough connective tissue capsule from which trabeculae extend into the cortex. 'Nip it in the butt' or 'Nip it in the bud'. How to use a word that (literally) drives some pe... Do you know these earlier meanings of words? Hyposecretion of anterior lobe causes dwarfism, pituitary cachexia (Simmonds disease), Sheehan syndrome, acromicria, eunuchoidism, or hypogonadism. What made you want to look up gland? An excess of parathormone results in hyperparathyroidism; a deficiency, in hypoparathyroidism, with neuromuscular hyperexcitability manifested by carpopedal spasm, wheezing, muscle cramps, urinary frequency, mood changes, and lassitude. Any of the sebaceous glands in the areola surrounding the nipple of the female breast. Medical Definition of exocrine gland. Epinephrine constricts vessels in the skin and viscera, dilates vessels in skeletal muscle, increases heart rate, dilates the bronchi by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle, increases the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver to increase the blood glucose level, and diminishes activity of the gastrointestinal system. The anterior pituitary is the front portion of the pituitary. A small, gray, rounded gland that develops from ingrown oral epithelium (Rathke pouch) and is attached to the lower surface of the hypothalamus by the infundibular stalk. Most exocrine glands are multicellular: goblet cells are examples of unicellular exocrine glands. CONTINUE SCROLLING OR CLICK HERE FOR RELATED SLIDESHOW Glands: The relationship of the hair follicle, eccrine and apocrine sweat glands and sebaceous glands. — called also gland of external secretion. In women, luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum and its secretion of estrogen and progesterone. These small glands are named by their locations, e.g., buccal salivary glands, lingual glands, although some glands are also known by the name of their original describers, and von Ebner glands, which are lingual salivary glands found in the circumvallate papillae of the tongue. An exocrine gland with a relatively watery secretion, isotonic with blood plasma, and containing enzymes, glycoproteins, lysozymes, and bactericides. The nerve supply is from the inferior hypogastric plexus. The chief effects of dopamine are the dilation of systemic arteries, increased cardiac output, and increased flow of blood to the kidneys. Its main duct opens into or near the submandibular duct, but several smaller ducts may open to the oral cavity independently along the sublingual fold. The cortex synthesizes three groups of steroid hormones from cholesterol. These glands secrete several hormones, including the glucocorticoids which, among other things, influence the way the immune system works, and the mineralocorticoids, which affect retention of water and sodium. From . Blood calcium falls and blood phosphorus rises. — called also gland of Bartholin, greater vestibular gland. It is a mixed seromucous gland. A gland composed of numerous tubules leading to a lone duct. Pineal gland and melatonin. The Rathke pouch portion forms the anterior lobe and an intermediate area; the neural tissue of the infundibular stalk forms the posterior lobe. The pituitary consists of the anterior and posterior pituitary. The salivary glands can become inflamed, as in Sjogren's syndrome and mumps. A lone secretory epithelial cell, often found in the midst of nonsecretory cells. See more. Numerous minor sublingual glands are scattered throughout the mucosa under the tongue, each with its own duct to the oral surface. The coiled secreting portion lies in the corium or subcutaneous portion of skin; the secretory duct follows a straight or oblique course through the dermis but becomes spiral in passing through the epidermis to its opening, a sweat pore. The number of glands ranges from 2 million to 5 million. They appear after puberty and are more developed in women than in men. Definition of Gland. 2. pituitary gland n. A small oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and a posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. Pineal gland, also called conarium, epiphysis cerebri, pineal organ, or pineal body, endocrine gland found in vertebrates that is the source of melatonin, a hormone derived from tryptophan that plays a central role in the regulation of circadian rhythm (the roughly 24-hour cycle of biological activities associated with natural periods of light and darkness). Medical Definition of gland. Medical definition of gland of Moll: any of the small glands near the free margin of each eyelid regarded as modified sweat glands —called also Moll's gland. Hypersecretion of aldosterone results in a surgically correctable form of hypertension (aldosteronism). The Difference Between 'Hoard' and 'Horde'. There are numerous minor salivary glands in the oral cavity, named according to their locations: lingual, sublingual, palatal, buccal, labial, and glossopharyngeal. The gland is composed of two lobes, one on each side of the trachea, and an isthmus of tissue connecting the lower two thirds of each lobe. In large amounts, ADH also causes vasoconstriction, and is also called vasopressin. They open along the inner free margin of the eyelid, and their lipid-rich secretion mixes with aqueous secretions of lacrimal glands to form the tear film that coats the surface of the eye. Any of the lingual salivary glands in the circumvallate papillae. Any of the glands in the esophageal mucosa. pituitary gland an endocrine gland located at the base of the brain in a small recess of the sphenoid bone called the sella turcica.It is attached by the hypophyseal stalk to the hypothalamus and is divided into an anterior lobe (the adenohypophysis) and a posterior lobe (the neurohypophysis), which differ in embryological function and origin.Called also hypophysis. Any of the glands of the vaginal vestibule. Classification of glands according to mode of secretion. The glans penis, commonly referred to as the glans, is a structure at the distal end of the penis in male mammals. : either of two oval racemose glands lying one to each side of the lower part of the vagina and secreting a lubricating mucus. The salivary glands can become inflamed, as in Sjogren's syndrome and mumps. Glands are divided into two main groups, endocrine and exocrine. Saliva lubricates food and makes it easier to taste, chew, and swallow. The pituitary is an endocrine gland secreting a number of hormones that regulate many bodily processes including growth, reproduction, and other metabolic activities. 'All Intensive Purposes' or 'All Intents and Purposes'? A term formerly used to indicate a sentinel lymph node, i.e., a lymph node that first alerts a clinician to serious pathology (such as a spreading cancer). Synonym: A gland in which the cells remain intact during the elaboration and discharge of their secretion. Any of the small masses of lymphatic tissue in the lamina propria of the pyloric region of the stomach. The cells are arranged in cords. It is the site of melatonin synthesis, which is inhibited by light striking the retina. Posterior lobe deficiency or hypothalamic lesion causes diabetes insipidus. Hyperparathyroidism or hypersecretion results in a rise in blood calcium and fall in blood phosphorus. b. Glands are divided into two main groups, endocrine and exocrine. Anterior and posterior lobe deficiency and hypothalamic lesion cause Fröhlich syndrome (adiposogenital dystrophy) and pituitary obesity. In an adult, the average weight of an adrenal gland is 5 g (range: 4 to 14 g). If you have a sleep disorder, it could be a sign that your pineal gland is … Another class of thyroid cells, the parafollicular or C cells, is found outside the follicles; C cells secrete calcitonin, a calcium-lowering hormone. The prostate consists of a median lobe and two lateral lobes measuring about 2 × 4 × 3 cm and weighing about 20 g; it is enclosed in a fibrous capsule containing smooth muscle fiber in its inner layer. A gland structurally midway between an alveolar and a tubular gland. an aggregation of cells specialized to secrete or excrete materials not related to their ordinary metabolic needs. The isthmus is usually located at the level of the second to third tracheal rings. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) — also called prostate gland enlargement — is a common condition as men get older. Synonym: Any of the lymph nodes located in front of the portal vein. They include the minor vestibular glands and the major vestibular glands (Bartholin glands). Delivered to your inbox! Hormones are secreted in the following lobes: Intermediate lobe: In cold-blooded animals, intermedin is secreted, influencing the activity of pigment cells (chromatophores) of fishes, amphibians, and reptiles. See also exocrine gland, endocrine gland 2. Any of the lymph nodes in the arm and forearm. Medical Definition of Thyroid gland Medical Author: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR Thyroid gland: A gland that makes and stores hormones that help regulate the heart rate, blood pressure , body temperature, and the rate at which food is converted into energy. A rarely used synonym for “inguinal lymph node.”. An organized aggregation of cells functioning as a secretory or excretory organ. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. Any of the mixed glands lying in the submucosa of the bronchi and bronchial tubes. Any gland affected by the action or secretion of another gland, e.g., the thyroid is a target gland of the pituitary. SLIDESHOW Heart Disease: Causes of a Heart Attack See Slideshow. Q. my friend ate a bar of chocolate and now her left neck gland is swollen any ideas why? Any of the mucous glands in the tissue of the palate. Hypersecretion of anterior lobe causes gigantism, acromegaly, and pituitary basophilism (Cushing disease). It is called the master gland because it produces hormones that control other glands and many body functions including growth. There are over 400 per square centimeter on the palms and about 80 per square centimeter on the thighs. A gastric gland in the pyloric region of the stomach. The two glands that are located on top of the kidneys. This adrenal gland is often also referred to by another name, the suprarenal gland. Histomorphological spectrum of salivary gland tumors in a tertiary care hospital--A retrospective study, Outer portion of gland on top of each kidney, Cortisol regulates carbohydrate and fat metabolism; aldosterone regulates salt and water balance, Hyperfunction: Adrenogenital syndrome; Cushing syndrome, Inner portion of adrenal gland; surrounded by adrenal cortex, Effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine mimic those of sympathetic nervous system; increases carbohydrate use for energy, Abdominal cavity; head adjacent to duodenum; tail close to spleen and kidney, Secretes insulin and glucagon, which regulate carbohydrate metabolism, Hyperfunction: If a tumor produces excess insulin, hypoglycemia, Four or more small glands on back of thyroid, Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism; indirectly affects muscular irritability, Hyperfunction: Hypercalcemia; resorption of bone; kidney stones; nausea; vomiting; altered mental status, Front portion of small gland below hypothalamus, Influences growth, sexual development, skin pigmentation, thyroid function, adrenocortical function through effects on other endocrine glands (except for growth hormone, which acts directly on cells), Hypofunction: Dwarfism in child; decrease in all other endocrine gland functions except parathyroids, Hyperfunction: Acromegaly in adult; giantism in child, Back portion of small gland below hypothalamus, Antidiuretic hormone increases absorption of water by kidney tubule, Testosterone and estrogen regulate sexual maturation and development of secondary sex characteristics; some effects on growth, Hypofunction: Lack of sex development or regression in adult, Hypofunction: Cretinism in young; myxedema in adult; goiter. Learn a new word every day. An enlarged prostate gland can cause uncomfortable urinary symptoms, such as blocking the flow of urine out of the bladder. The endocrine glands include the adrenals, the parathyroids, the pineal, the pituitary, and the thyroid. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free! Any of two kinds of glands that secrete into the follicles of eyelashes: ciliary sweat glands and ciliary sebaceous glands. See: A multicellular gland in which the cells secrete specific molecules into an oval or flask-shaped sac. From Copstead, 1995. The medulla consists of chromaffin cells arranged in groups or in anastomosing cords. For example, the thyroid gland. The glands in this group can be divided into three groups: Apocrine glands – a portion of the secreting cell's body is lost during secretion. 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